Use good quality, fresh, distilled or de-ionized water to make up all solutions.

MES Buffer, pH ~6
(2-[N-Morpholino]ethanesulfonic acid, Sigma Catalogue # M 5287)

Working Concentration is 0.025M.
To make 250mls :- Dissolve 1.33g in distilled water. Stirring with heating to 50oC will aid dissolution.
Add 31ml of 0.1M NaOH
Make up to 250mls with distilled water when cool.

PBS Buffer, pH~7.2
(Phosphate buffered saline)

To make 1 Liter:- Dissolve in ~900 ml of distilled water
	5.33g NaCl
	0.13g KCl
	0.96g Na2HPO4
	0.16g KH2PO4

Make up to 1 Liter with distilled water.

PBS Storage Buffer pH~7.2

Make up PBS buffer as above but include 1g of glycine (0.1%) and 1 g of sodium azide (0.1%) prior to making up to 1 liter with distilled water.

GBS Buffer pH~ 6.5 - 9.2
(Glycine buffered saline)

To make 1 Liter :- Dissolve in ~900 ml of distilled water
	5.33g NaCl
	2.41g glycine
	0.40g NaN3

SCB Buffer pH 9.1 - 10.5
(Sodium Carbonate/Bicarbonate)

Soln.1:	Dissolve in ~90 ml of distilled water.0.16g Na2CO3
	Make up to 100 ml with distilled water.
Soln.2:	Dissolve in ~90 ml of distilled water.0.84g NaHCO3
	Make up to 100 ml with distilled water.

Mix volumes of Solution 1 and Solution 2 as indicated in the graph to give 100 ml of buffer at the desired pH

SA Buffer, pH ~3 - 6
(Acetic Acid/ Sodium Acetate)

Soln.1:	Dissolve in ~90 ml of distilled water.1.36g CH3COONa.3H2O
	Make up to 100 ml with distilled water.
Soln.2:	Dissolve in ~90 ml of distilled water.0.58ml CH3COOH
	Make up to 100 ml with distilled water.

Mix volumes of Solution 1 and Solution 2 as indicated in the graph to give 100ml of buffer at the desired pH

CAP Buffer, pH 3 - 6
(Citric Acid/ Sodium Phosphate)

Soln.1:	Dissolve in ~90 ml of distilled water. Make up to 100 ml with distilled water.
Soln.2:	Dissolve in ~90 ml of distilled water. Make up to 100 ml with distilled water.	1.34g Na2HPO4.7H2O

Mix volumes of Solution 1 and Solution 2 as indicated in the graph to give 100 ml of buffer at the desired pH